About the Author Dr. James N. Miller is Senior Vice President and Director of Studies at the Center for a New American Security (CNAS). Christine Parthemore is a Research Associate at the Center for a New American Security (CNAS), working on energy and environmental security and other issues. Dr. Kurt M. Campbell is the Chief Executive Offi cer and Co-Founder of the Center for a New American Security (CNAS). He concurrently serves as Director of the Aspen Strategy Group and the Chairman of the Editorial Board of the Washington Quarterly, and is the Founder and Principal of StratAsia, a strategic advisory company focused on Asia. Ambassador Dennis Ross is The Washington Institute s Counselor and Ziegler Distinguished Fellow. For more than twelve years, Ambassador Ross played a leading role in shaping U.S. involvement in the Middle East peace process, dealing directly with the parties in negotiations. Dr. Suzanne Maloney is a Senior Fellow at the Saban Center for Middle East Policy at the Brookings Institution, where her research focuses on Iran, the political economy of the Persian Gulf, and Middle East energy policy. Dr. Ashton B. Carter is Co-Director (with former Secretary of Defense William J. Perry) of the Preventive Defense Project, a research collaboration of Harvard and Stanford Universities. He is also chair of the International Relations, Security, and Science faculty at Harvard s John F. Kennedy School of Government. Dr. Vali R. Nasr is an Adjunct Senior fellow for Middle East studies at the Council on Foreign Relations and Professor of International Politics at the Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy of Tufts University. Ambassador Richard Haass is President of the Council on Foreign Relations. He previously served as Director of Policy Planning for the Department of State, as U.S. coordinator for policy on the future of Afghanistan, and as the lead U.S. government offi cial in support of the Northern Ireland peace process.